Mato Paha or "Bear Mountain" is the Lakota name given to the unique formation at Bear Butte State Park. This formation is a lone mountain, not a flat-topped "butte" as its name implies. It is one of several intrusions of igneous rock that formed millions of years ago along the northern edge of the Black Hills. Sacred to many Native Americans, this mountain and its ceremonial area are visited by thousands each summer. Notable leaders including Red Cloud, Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull have all visited Bear Butte. These visits culminated with an 1857 gathering of many Indian nations to discuss the advancement of white settlers into the Black Hills. After camping near the mountain with an expeditionary force of 1,000 men, George Custer had verified the rumors of gold in the Black Hills; Bear Butte then served as a landmark that helped guide a rush of invading prospectors and settlers into the region. Because of its natural and historical heritage, Bear Butte has been designated a National Natural Landmark and a National Recreation Trail. A lakeside use area provides 15 basic campsites near Bear Butte Lake for recreational camping, complete with picnic tables and boat ramp. A small bison herd roams the base of the mountain.

• Hike one of the two trails that wind their way around the slopes of Bear Butte. Explore the rich natural and human history of the area at the Interpretive Center. Discover a breathtaking view of four states from the summit of Bear Butte.